Research progress in brain computer interface technology applied to motor recovery after spinal cord injury / 中华创伤杂志

Most patients with spinal cord injury suffer from limb motor dysfunction. Given drugs, surgery and other conventional treatments are often not effective, the patients can only rely on a wheelchair to move or even lie in bed for a long time, seriously affecting their quality of life. Brain computer interface (BCI) technology provides a non-muscular pathway for the recovery of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury, which allows the patients to recover partial motor function through the normal function of their own non-diseased spinal cord or external mechanical devices. After decades of development of BCI technology, signal collection devices can identify and collect the motor signals of the brain more accurately, transform the signal by characteristic analysis, and implement the brain command by using the output device. A large number of experimental and clinical studies have also proved that the application of BCI technology in patients with spinal cord injury can partially improve the motor function of upper and lower limbs. Therefore, BCI technology has attracted more and more attention. The authors summarized the BCI technology and its influence on motor function rehabilitation in patients with spinal cord injury, so as to provide a reference for the rehabilitation of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury.

The relationship between miR-3187-5p and postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting: A prospective cohort study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To investigate the relationship between miR-3187-5p in peripheral blood and pericardial drainage after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). Methods     Patients who underwent CABG in the Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from March to May 2022 were enrolled. Peripheral blood and pericardial drainage were collected at 0 h after surgery (immediate time for patients to return to ICU from operating room) to detect miR-3187-5p, and perioperative confounding factors were also collected. The miR-3187-5p was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and its regulated target genes were analyzed by bioinformatics. Results     A total of 15 patients were enrolled, including 9 males and 6 females with an average age of 65.6±8.2 years. The incidence rate of POAF was 40.0%. miR-3187-5p in pericardial drainage at 0 h after surgery was an independent predictor for POAF. A total of 1 642 target genes of miR-3187-5p were predicted. GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG signal pathway enrichment analysis showed that target genes of miR-3187-5p were enriched in TGF-β, MAPK, Wnt and other classical collagen metabolic signal pathways, which might activate collagen metabolism by negatively regulating SMAD6 and other inhibitors of the pathways. Conclusion     This study is the first to find that miR-3187-5p in pericardial drainage at 0 h  after surgery is a potential, novel, and predictive factor for POAF, which may be related to the regulation of myocardial fibrosis signal pathways like TGF-β, MAPK and Wnt pathways, promoting the early collagen metabolism imbalance after CABG, increasing the collagen deposition in the atrium, and then promoting the early structural reconstruction after CABG and leading to the occurrence of POAF. The result provides a research basis for the accurate prediction and prevention of clinical POAF.

A Case of Rice Body Synovitis of the Knee Joint.

BACKGROUND: Rice body synovitis (RBS) is a rare disease. It is prone to be developed due to rheumatoid disorder or tuberculosis infection. Additional infectious arthritis (non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection and fungal infection), juvenile arthritis, the onset of adult Still's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), seronegative arthritis, and non-specific arthritis. The clinical imaging, histopathological features, and surgical treatment process of a patient were documented combined with literature. Furthermore, differentiation was performed with additional synovitis diseases so that the cognition of synovitis could be enhanced for clinical reference. CASE PRESENTATION: The present study reported a 50-year-old female patient who suffered from intermittent left knee pain with limited movement for 9 years. The conditions were aggravated after long-term standing or walking and remitted after taking a rest, accompanied by noose and jamming. The specialist range of motion (ROM) examinations of the left knee revealed: 30° - 0° - 110° and left McMurray sign (+). Plain MRI scanning revealed that in the left knee cavity and the popliteal fossa area, a large number of low signals on free rice-like bodies were visible inside and the lower femur and the upper tibia exhibited abnormally high signals of patchy lipography. Surgical exploration revealed numerous rice-like free bodies in the suprapatellar bursa, the intercondylar fossa, and the posterior articular capsule. The patient presently has resolution of symptoms after surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The RBS of the knee joint is very rare in the clinic. As MRI examination can provide valuable information, clinicians should actively perform MRI examination. Once the disease is diagnosed by examination, surgery is the optimal treatment.

Recent advances in understanding the role of immune related factors in osteoarthritis / 中华骨科杂志

Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic joint degenerative disease, is the significant cause of the loss of joint function in middle-aged and older people. Bone destruction, synovial hyperplasia, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis are the main features of osteoarthritis, and the typical symptom is severe joint pain. Consequent to unprecedented global population aging, osteoarthritis remains a leading cause of disability, and the treatment often comes at a high cost. With an in-depth understanding of related research, osteoarthritis is proven to be a multifactorial disease whose onset is not simply a cartilage lesion, and the immune plays an essential role in the development of the disease. Some studies proposed that chondrocytes are capable of altering gene expression and mediating osteoarthritis progression by regulating immune responses. Previous studies showed that the extent of immune dysregulation significantly correlates with the severity of osteoarthritis, revealing an association between immunity response and clinical manifestations. The study of immune infiltration, genetic alterations, and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis may provide new perspectives and methods for the treatment of osteoarthritis in the future. Therefore, this review, combined with the recent decade of literature, provides an overview of the research progress of the main immune cells and related cytokines in OA, which may provide a new direction of thinking for diagnosing and preventing this disease.

Changes of fibrinogen and collagen metabolism after cardiac surgery and their relationship with postoperative atrial fibrillation: A prospective cohort study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the changes of fibrinogen and classical markers of collagen metabolism [carboxy-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen (PICP) and carboxy-terminal cross-linked peptide of type Ⅰ collagen (ICTP)] in peripheral blood and pericardial drainage after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/or heart valve replacement (VR), and to evaluate their relationship with postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery. Methods    Patients who underwent CABG and/or VR in the Heart Center of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from March to June 2021 were included. Peripheral blood and pericardial drainage fluid samples were collected before surgery and at 0 h, 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after surgery to detect PICP, ICTP and fibrinogen levels, and preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative confounding factors were also collected. PICP, ICTP and fibrinogen levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results    A total of 26 patients with 125 blood samples and 78 drainage samples were collected. There were 18 males and 8 females with an average age of 64.04±7.27 years. The incidence rate of POAF was 34.6%. Among the factors, the fibrinogen level in pericardial drainage showed two peaks within 48 h after operation (0 h and 24 h after operation) in the POAF group, while it showed a continuous downward trend in the sinus rhythm (SR) group, and the change trend of fibrinogen in pericardial drainage was significantly different over time between the two groups (P=0.022). Fibrinogen in blood, PICP and ICTP in blood and drainage showed an overall decreasing trend, and their trends over time were not significantly different between the two groups of patients (P>0.05). Univariate analysis showed that fibrinogen at 24 h and 48 h after pericardial drainage, fibrinogen in preoperative blood, PICP immediately after surgery and right atrial long axis diameter were significantly higher or longer in the POAF group than those in the SR group. Multiple regression showed that fibrinogen≥11.47 ng/mL in pericardial drainage 24 h after surgery (OR=14.911, 95%CI 1.371-162.122, P=0.026), right atrial long axis diameter≥46 mm (OR=10.801, 95%CI 1.011-115.391, P=0.049) were independent predictors of POAF. Conclusion    This study finds the regularity of changes in fibrinogen and collagen metabolic markers after CABG and/or VR surgery, and to find that fibrinogen in pericardial drainage 24 h after surgery is a potential novel and predictive factor for POAF. The results provide a new idea for exploring the mechanism of POAF, and provide a research basis for the accurate prediction and prevention of clinical POAF.

Effects and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis-derived exosomes deliver miRNA-222-5p on tendon cell injury repair / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the repair effects and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis-derived exosomes deliver miRNA-222-5p on tendon cell injury.Methods:Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes were collected, isolated and characterized. The mice achilles tendon was collected after cutting one week later. The tendon cells were isolated and cultured to obtain a tendon cell injury model (injury group). The subjects were divided into three groups. During the process of osteogenic differentiation, mesenchymal stem cells were co-cultured with tendon cells (co-culture group). Further, miRNA-222-5p mimics were transfected into mesenchymal stem cells, the co-cultured mesenchymal stem cells and tendon cells during the process of osteogenic differentiation (miRNA-222-5p group). Clone formation and Transwell were used to detect the ability of mesenchymal stem cells to secrete exosomes and exosomes transported miRNA-222-5p to repair damaged tendon cells. qPCR, Western-blot and fluorescence staining were used to detect the expression levels of cartilage-related proteins and bone-related proteins on mRNA and protein. Western-blot was used to detect the expression of signal pathway factors.Results:The shape of the exosomes was a typical cup - like structure. The exosome proteins marker was all expressed positively ( P<0.05). After counting the colony formation and Transwell test, the number of cell communities and cell invasion were significantly increased in the co-culture group compared with those in the injury group. The number of those in miRNA-222-5p group were significantly increased compared with those in co-culture group ( P<0.05). The qPCR, Western-blot and fluorescent staining test results showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOX-9, COL2A1, ACAN, BMP2, Runx2, and OPN in the co-culture group were significantly increased compared with the injury group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the above proteins in the miRNA-222-5p group were significantly increased compared with those in co-culture group ( P<0.05). We also detected the protein expression levels of signal pathway related factors. Western-blot results showed that the expression levels of NF-κB, Erk2, STAT3, STAT5 and Smad2 in the co-culture group were significantly increased compared with those in the injury group. The expression levels of the above factors in the miRNA-222-5p group were significant increased compared with the co-culture group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells and achilles tendon cells could promote the osteogenic differentiation of achilles tendon cells. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells could further promote the osteogenic differentiation of achilles tendon cells by transporting miRNA-222-5p. The mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of signal pathway factors in injured tendons, including NF-κB, Erk2, STAT3, STAT5 and Smad2.

Effect and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes in repair of tendon cell injury / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of exosomes secreted by human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells （hUC-MSCs） in repair of tendon cell injury.Methods:The hUC-MSCs which were stably subcultured were isolated and purified by a tissue block adherent method，and the immunophenotype of hUC-MSCs was detected by flow cytometry. The induction media was employed to induce the differentiation of hUC-MSCs to osteoblasts，chondroblasts and adipocytes，and cell identification was performed subsequently. The secreted exosomes of MSCs （MSCs-exosomes） were extracted using an ultracentrifugation method. The exosomes were detected by Western blot and electron microscopy，and the fusion ability of the exosome membrane was detected by PKH67 staining fluorescence. Forty Wistar rats were divided into tendon injury group （ n = 20） and normal group （ n = 20） according to the random number table. In tendon injury group，the rats were sacrificed with 100 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium one week after Achilles tendon transection，and the injured tendon cells were obtained following digestion of the Achilles tendon. In normal group，the rats were sacrificed without any treatment and the normal tendon cells were obtained concurrently. After the exosomes were co-cultured with tendon cells in vitro for 12，24，48，72 hours，the proliferation of tendon cells was detected by CCK-8 assay. After the tendon cells were treated with hUC-MSCs exosomes for 24 hours，the effects of exosomes on transforming growth factor β （TGF-β），bone morphogenetic protein （BMP），vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF），fibroblast growth factor （FGF），interleukin（IL）-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） were detected by Western blot，qPCR and immunofluorescence. Results:The hUC-MSCs were identified and hUC-MSCs-exosomes were isolated successfully. The cultured MSCs were fusiform and positive for Alanine aminopeptidase （CD13），integrin β-1 （CD29），ECTO-5'-nucleotidase （CD73），thymocyte surface antigen （CD90） and endothelin （CD105），but negative for human leukocyte DR antigen （HLA-DR），hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen （CD34） and leukocyte common antigen （CD45）. The exosomes isolated showed a round disc shape and a diameter of 30-100 nm with a depressed internal structure under the electron microscope which was verified via PKH67 staining and the motility-related protein-1 （CD9） and lysosomal associated membrane protein 3 （CD63） were highly expressed. The CCK-8 assay showed the cell viability in tendon injury group was markedly higher than that in normal group at 12 h，24 h，48 h，and 72 h following treatment of tendon cells （ P < 0.01）. The results of qPCR revealed that the mRNA expressions of TGF-β （1.850 ± 0.127），BMP （2.133 ± 0.398），FGF （1.610 ± 0.223） and VEGF （2.207 ± 0.059） in tendon injury group were markedly higher than those in normal group（1.004 ± 0.105，1.007 ± 0.145，1.007 ± 0.140，1.001 ± 0.065，respectively） （ P < 0.05）. However，the mRNA expressions of IL-1β （0.102 ± 0.009） and TNF-α （0.130 ± 0.013） in tendon injury group was markedly lower than those in normal group （1.004 ± 0.113，1.006 ± 0.134） （ P < 0.01）. The results of Western blot were consistent with those of qPCR. Conclusions:The exosomes secreted by hUC-MSCs can promote the growth of tendon cells and repair of tendon cell injury by up-regulating the expression of growth factors TGF-β，BMP，VEGF and FGF，and inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α.

Efficacy and mechanisms of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes in repair of tendon injury in rats / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) in repair of tendon injury in rats.Methods:The hUC-MSC were cultured and the surface markers were identified by flow cytometry. The cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts and adipocytes using a specific media. Meanwhile, the exosomes were isolated from the cell supernatant using exosome separation columns, and were identified by transmission electron microscopy, PKH67 staining and Western blot. A total of 40 Wistar rats were used to establish the Achilles tendon injury model by surgical resection. The rats were divided into hUC-MSC group (Group A) (with 100 μg exosome injected at the injured site) and control group (Group B) (with 250 μl normal saline injected at the injured site) according to the random number table, with 20 rats per group. The expressions of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the tendon tissues of both groups were detected using q-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence assay at 4 weeks following injection. The expression of collagen III in the injured tissues of both groups was detected by immunohiestochemistry.Results:The isolated and cultured hUC-MSC presented fusiform under an inverted microscope. After osteogenic differentiation, the cells exhibited a cube nodular structure, and the Alizarin red staining was positive. After adipogenic differentiation, the fat was observed inside the cells, which was red by oil red O staining. After chondroblast differentiation, the cells secreted a large amount of glycosaminoglycans, and a strong positive was revealed by Alisin blue staining. The hUC-MSC-derived exosomes showed round disc shape with a depressed internal structure under a transmission electron microscope, which was verified via PKH67 staining. The Western blot analysis showed high expressions of motility-related protein-1 (CD9) and lysosomal associated membrane protein 3 (CD63). The q-PCR test revealed that the mRNA expressions of TGF-β (4.887±0.767), BMP-2 (3.079±0.150), VEGF (3.108±0.508) and FGF-2 (4.211±0.522) in Group A were markedly higher than those in Group B (1.000±0.062, 0.918±0.129, 1.004±0.103, 1.010±0.169, respectively) ( P<0.01), and that the mRNA expression of IL-1β (0.697±0.037) and TNF-α (0.793±0.021) in Group A was markedly lower than those in Group B (1.004±0.089 and 1.006±0.015, respectively) ( P<0.01). The Western blot analysis revealed that the protein expressions of TGF-β (1.434±0.041), BMP-2 (1.798±0.177), VEGF (1.552±0.113) and FGF-2 (1.357±0.039) in Group A were markedly higher than those in Group B (1.002±0.032, 0.992±0.068, 1.007±0.070, 0.994±0.051) ( P<0.01), and that the protein expressions of IL-1β (0.705±0.016) and TNF-α (0.840±0.045) in Group A was markedly lower than those in Group B (1.000±0.016, 1.003±0.040) ( P<0.01). The immunofluorescence revealed that the positive expression rates of TGF-β and VEGF in Group A were not significantly different from those in Group B ( P>0.05). However, the positive expression rates of BMP-2 (2.278±0.208) and FGF-2 (4.656±0.106) in Group A were markedly higher than those in Group B (0.315±0.101, 1.661±0.110) ( P<0.05 or 0.01), and the positive expression rates of IL-1β (1.677±0.947) and TNF-α (1.520±0.088) in Group A were greatly lower than those in Group B (4.296±0.291, 2.373±0.273, respectively) ( P<0.01). In Group A, the tendon collagen fibers were arranged regularly and tightly, with relatively significant expression of collagen III; while the tendon collagen fibers in Group B were distributed loosely, accompanying broken scarlike healing. Conclusion:The hUC-MSC-derived exosomes can prompt the repair of the injured tendon tissues, which may be associated with the function in up-regulating the expressions of growth factors including TGF-β, BMP-2, VEGF and FGF-2, enhancing the expression of collagen III and inhibiting the expression of the inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and TNF-α.

Research progress in mechanism of tendon stem/progenitor cells and cytokines accelerating tendon healing / 中华创伤杂志

Tendon injuries often need surgical treatment, which enables to repair the structure and stability of the tendons to a certain extent, whereas it is difficult to restore to their normal strength. The primary reason is that the natural healing ability of tendons is limited and the functions of the repaired tendons cannot be restored completely. As further researches on tendon healing are conducted, biological technology provides a novel orientation for tendon repair. One of the research hotspots of tendon repair currently is to facilitate tendon healing using biological auxiliaries, including tendon stem /progenitor cells(TSPCs) and growth factors. The authors review the research progress in mechanism of TSPCs and growth factors accelerating tendon healing in order to provide a reference for the biological treatment of tendon injuries.

Minimally invasive nercutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with negative pressure system in one-stage treatment of calculus pyonephrosis / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with negative pressure system in one-stage treatment of calculus pyonephrosis.Methods Eighty-three cases of calculus pyonephrosis,including 15 upper ureteral calculus cases,9 renal pelvis calculus cases,28 multiple calculus cases and 31 staghorn calculus cases,were retrospectively analysed.The diameter of the stone was from 1.2 to 6.3 cm.All the patients were punctured under X-ray or ultrasound guidance and established an access of 20 F.A 12 F nephroscope,combined with negative pressure system,was inserted to the collecting system to suck off the liquor pus.The stone was fragmented by pneumatic lithotripsy or holmium laser lithotripsy at one-stage.Negative pressure system was used to reduce the intrapelvic pressure during the operation.Results All the patients were treated successfully.The average operative time was 34 ± 19 min.The upper ureteral calculus and renal pelvis calculus cases were all stonefree at one-stage treatment.Of the other 59 cases,33 cases were stone-free and 26 cases need a secondlook.The total stone free rate was 68.7％(57/83)at one-stage and 91.6％(76/83)at second-look.Only 7 patients had fever after operation and no patient had sepsis or shock.Conclusion Combined with negative pressure system,minimally invasive percutaueous nephrolithotomy via a 20 F tract is safe and effective for one-stage treatment of calculus pyonephrosis.

Status and progress of the research of preventing anastomosis leakage / 国际外科学杂志

Anastomotic leak belongs to the serious complications of low anterior resection with high morbidity and fatality.In recent decades,many strategies aimed at lowering the incidence of anastomotic leakage have been developed.This review focused on the methods for preventing anastomotic leakage through searching PudMed and Wanfang data for all related papers.Strategies were categorised as defunctioning stoma,transcecal catheter ileostomy,indwelling rectal tube,valtrac-secured intracolonic bypass technique,free take-back ileostomy.Every strategy has its own advantages and disadvantages.But to date,except defunctioning stoma,none of the methods has been widely accepted due to the lack of high level evidences.However,free take-back ileostomy can avoid stoma related complication and readmission for closure and its initial effect is good,so deserve to further research.

Impact of RNAi targeting survivin gene on tumor growth, apoptosis and radiosensitivity in nude mice xenograft of human cervical carcinoma / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Recently, survivin gene is one of the hot spots in tumor study. The purpose of the present study was to observe the impact of RNAi targeting survivin gene on tumor growth, apoptosis and radiosensitivity in nude mice xenograft of human cervical carcinoma. Methods: HeLa-s2, HeLa-NC, HeLa-U6 neo and HeLa cells were inoculated respectively in flank subcutaneous tissue of 24 female nude mice so as to establish xenograft models of human cervical carcinoma randomly. The tumor growth status was observed. The tumor volume was regularly measured and the tumor weight was investigated used to observe the impact of RNAi targeting survivin gene on tumor growth. The expression of survivin protein and FⅧRAg in tumor tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry SP method MVD was calculated. Cell apoptusis in tumor tissues was observed by HE staining,apoptotic index(AI) was quantified by TUNEL method. To observe the impact of RNAi targeting survivin gene on tumor radiosensitivity after irradiated, the tumor growth delay and tumor weight were investigated and cell apoptosis were examined by TUNEL method. Results: We established 4 groups of xenograft models of human cervical carcinoma.The tumor volume of HeLa-s2 group was obviously less than that of HeLa group at every checkpoint. The tumor weight of HeLa-s2 group was obviously lower than that of HeLa group, and they were(0.369±0.043)g and (1.150±0.136)g respectively(P<0.05).The tumor growth inhibitive rate of HeLa-s2 group was 67.9%. The expression of survivin protein FⅧ RAg examined by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues of HeLa-s2 group decreased sharply and MVD went down to 23.4±3.1. Apoptotic cells increased in tumor tissues of HeLa-s2 group examined by HE staining and TUNEL method, AI was (22.74±1.4)%. The tumor volume of HeLa-s2 group was obviously less than that of HeLa group at every checkpoint after irradiation and the tumor weight of HeLa-s2 group was obviously lower than that of HeLa group, they were:(0.41±0.06)g and(1.38±0.29)g respectively(P<0.05). Cell apoptosis increased in tumor tissues of HeLa-s2 group.Compared with HeLa group, AI of HeLa-s2 group rose up notably, they were(30.06±0.98)% and (4.17±0.64)%(P<0.05).Conclusion: RNAi for survivin gone can reduce MVD in xenograft by inhibiting survivin protein expression, thus inhibit tumor growth and induce cell apoptosis, Survivin gene RNAi can also enhance tumor radiosensitivity.

The levels of serum anti-müllerian hormone in women with premature ovarian failure and its clinical significance / 中国医师杂志

Objective To observe the changes of serum anti-mttllerian hormone (AMH) level in women with premature ovarian fail-ure (POF) and its clinical significance. Methods Fasting serum levels of AMH in 25 POF patients were measured with enzyme-linked im-mtmosorbent assay (ELISA). Twenty healthy women matched for age and body mass index (BMI) were chosen as controls. Results The serum AMH level in POF group was (1.1±0.1) pmol/L, which was significantly lower than that of control group(P < 0.01). The serum AMH levels in 20 patients of POF group were undetectable. The other 5 patients were treated with artificial cycle at first, and then ovulated with hMG/HCG.2 patients had ovulation and 1 patient was pregnant. Conclusion The serum AMH level in POF patients was significantly decreased, and the measure for serum AMH had some significance for POF diagnosis and treatment.

The evaluation of multislice spiral computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of moyamoya disease / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of the multislice spiral computed tomography angiography (MSCTA) in the diagnosis of moyamoya disease and explore its future application. Method The image data of 10 patients with moyamoya disease undertaken MSCTA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were reviewed analysis. Results MSCTA could clearly show stenosis, multiple occlusion or abnormalities of the cerebral vessels. Volume-rendering helped to show the relationship between the abnormal vessels and the surrounding tissues. Combined maximum intensity projection (MIP) and multiplsnar reconstruction (MPB) images could clearly show abnormally increased vessels (moyamoya disease vessels). The rate of occlusion and stenosis showed by MSCTA were 66.2%(53/80)and 67.5%(54/80)by DSA. There was no significant difference between the two methods (P>0.05). The images of MSCTA were basically same as those of DSA. Conclusions MSCTA is sensitive in diagnosing moyamoya disease, which is an important basis for early diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment is effective in improving prognosis of moyamoya disease.

The prediction role of interleukin-18 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome development / 中国医师杂志

Objective To determine the role of interleukin-18(IL-18) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ovari-an hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) development. Methods Serum and follicular IL-18 and VEGF levels were measured with ELISA in 66 IVF patients, who were divided into three study groups according to OHSS risk factors on the day of ovum retrieval and whether will devel-op OHSS in future or not. 20 patients had no OHSS risk factors (normal group), 28 patients had OHSS risk factors without developing OHSS (OHSS risk group) and 18 patients had OHSS risk factors and developing OHSS in future (OHSS group). Results Serum and follicular IL-18 levels in OHSS group were significantly higher than those of other two groups(P<0.01). Serum and follicular VEGF levels in OHSS group were also significantly higher than those of other two groups(P<0.01). Conclusion Serum and follicular IL-18 and VEGF levels in OHSS group increased significantly, which suggested IL-18 and VEGF were positive correlated with OHSS development. And follicular IL-18 and VEGF levels in serum on the day of ovum retrieval have a prediction role in OHSS development.

Comparison of cannulated compression screws and dynamic hip screws in fixation for aged patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To compare the fixation effects of cannulated compression screws and dynamic hip screws.[Method]From July 2000 to December 2006,152 old patients with intertrochanteric hip fracture were fixed with cannulated compression screws(n=68) and dynamic hip screws(n=84).They were followed up and their complete clinic data were obtained.A retrospective comparison was made between the two differet fixation devices in terms of operation time,blood loss,intraoperative and postoperative complications,functional recovery one year postoperatively and treatment expenses.[Result]The differences in operation time,blood loss between 2 groups had statistical significance(P0.05) for the Evans types Ⅰ,Ⅱ patients,but had statistical significance(P

Value of CE-MRA Angiography in Diagnosis of Arteriosclerotic Occlusive Disease of Lower Extremity / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To discuss the value of CE-MRA of lower extremity angiography in diagnosing Arteriosclerotic occlusive disease. Methods CE-MRA was performed on 25 patients with symptom of arteriosclerotic occlusive disease. CT angiograms were produced using maximal intensity projection. Results 24 examinations of CE-MRA were successful with 2 cases of straitness in right ailiaca communist, 2cases of straitness and 2 cases of occlusion in aorta abdominal, 4 cases of straitness and 2 cases occlusion in artery of femoral, 3 cases of straitness and 4 cases of occlusion in artery of crus. One case was failed for the patient himself. Conclusion CE-MRA of lower extremity angiography can monitor multiple arteries of Arteriosclerosis occlusive disease of lower limbs and observe the extent and range of lesions. It has high diagnostic accuracy in patients with lower extremity artery diseases, and it is a safe, no-trauma and effective method in lower extremity artery.

Immunohistochemical study of HLA-DR antigen in endometrial tissue of patients with endometriosis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to evaluate the expression of HLA-DR antigen in glandular cells in eutopic and ectopic endometrium in patients with endometriosis, 19 infertile patients with endometriosis were analyzed immunohistochemically by labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method. Nineteen infertile patients without endometriosis were studied as controls. The results showed that the expression of HLA-DR antigen in the glandular cells in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium was increased significantly as compared with that in the controls (P < 0.01). It is likely that aberrant expression of HLA-DR antigen in endometriotic tissue is involved in abnormal immunogenesis of endometriosis.

Immunohistochemical study of HLA-DR antigen in endometrial tissue of patients with endometriosis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to evaluate the expression of HLA-DR antigen in glandular cells in eutopic and ectopic endometrium in patients with endometriosis, 19 infertile patients with endometriosis were analyzed immunohistochemically by labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method. Nineteen infertile patients without endometriosis were studied as controls. The results showed that the expression of HLA-DR antigen in the glandular cells in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium was increased significantly as compared with that in the controls (P < 0.01). It is likely that aberrant expression of HLA-DR antigen in endometriotic tissue is involved in abnormal immunogenesis of endometriosis.

Levels of Lipid Perioxides and Superoxide Dismutase in Peritoneal Fluid of Patients with Endometriosis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In order to evaluate the changes of lipid perioxides (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in peritoneal fluid in patients with endometriosis, the levels of LPO and SOD in peritoneal fluids from infertile women with endometriosis and with normal pelvis were measured. The result showed that the levels of LPO but SOD was elevated significantly in peritoneal fluid from women with endometriosis than in women with normal pelvis (P<0.01). It is suggested that free oxygen radicals may be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis associated infertility.